Grave Concerns Mac OS
Design Mac OS legacy. The prehistory of Copland begins with an understanding of the Mac OS legacy, and its architectural problems to be solved. Launched in 1984, the Macintosh and its operating system were designed from the start as a single-user, single-tasking system, which allowed the hardware development to be greatly simplified. This notion cannot be further from the truth. Let’s take a look at some previous OS upgrades and the naming schemes they received: 2005 Mac OS X 10.3 Panther - Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger (this is that exception) 2009 Mac OS X 10.5 Leopard - Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard 2012 Mac OS X 10.7 Lion - OS X 10.8 Mountain Lion 2017. Note: The headings on this list indicate the Macintosh System bundle names; the bullet points indicate the version of the System File included in that bundle. This is to make it clearer for people searching for specific bundle versions as opposed to System File versions. Finder File versions are not indicated. 1 Classic Mac OS 1.1 Macintosh System Software (0 - 0.3) 1.1.1 System File 1 1.1.2.
The Standard Roman character set, often called Mac OS Romanor MacRoman, is an 8-bit character set used in older Macintoshoperating systems to display Western characters. It has since beenreplaced by Unicode (UTF-8).
It is an extension of both US ASCII and earlier Mac OScharacter sets and is identical to ASCII for the first 128 characters.It also resembles the Latin-1 character set, including manyaccented characters and a number of additional symbols, though the twosets don't include all of the same symbols. Latin-1 and Mac OS Roman alsodiffer on the characters assigned to numbers. For example, smallletter 'a' with an acute accent (á) is decimal 225 in Latin-1,but is decimal 135 in Mac OS Roman.
The following table describes the Mac OS Roman character set, associatingthe decimal and hexadecimal equivalents with descriptionsof the characters. Also included are the keystrokes for all printingand a few non-printing characters used with Apple's US Englishkeyboard layout. Not all fonts can represent all characters, whilesome fonts will represent alternate characters.
Grave Concerns Mac Os 11
| Dec | Hex | Description | Keystrokes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 00 | null character | |
| 1 | 01 | start of heading | |
| 2 | 02 | start of text | |
| 3 | 03 | end of text | |
| 4 | 04 | end of transmission | |
| 5 | 05 | enquiry | |
| 6 | 06 | acknowledge | |
| 7 | 07 | bell | |
| 8 | 08 | backspace | |
| 9 | 09 | horizontal tabulation | |
| 10 | 0A | line feed | |
| 11 | 0B | vertical tabulation | |
| 12 | 0C | form feed | |
| 13 | 0D | carriage return | Return |
| 14 | 0E | Shift out | |
| 15 | 0F | Shift in | |
| 16 | 10 | data link escape | |
| 17 | 11 | device control one | |
| 18 | 12 | device control two | |
| 19 | 13 | device control three | |
| 20 | 14 | device control four | |
| 21 | 15 | negative acknowledge | |
| 22 | 16 | synchronous idle | |
| 23 | 17 | end of transmission block | |
| 24 | 18 | cancel | |
| 25 | 19 | end of medium | |
| 26 | 1A | substitute | |
| 27 | 1B | escape | Esc |
| 28 | 1C | file separator | |
| 29 | 1D | group separator | |
| 30 | 1E | record separator | |
| 31 | 1F | unit separator | |
| 32 | 20 | space | Spacebar |
| 33 | 21 | Shift-1 | |
| 34 | 22 | ' | Shift-' |
| 35 | 23 | # | Shift-3 |
| 36 | 24 | $ | Shift-4 |
| 37 | 25 | % | Shift-5 |
| 38 | 26 | & | Shift-7 |
| 39 | 27 | ' | ' |
| 40 | 28 | ( | Shift-9 |
| 41 | 29 | ) | Shift-0 |
| 42 | 2A | * | Shift-8 |
| 43 | 2B | + | Shift-= |
| 44 | 2C | , | , |
| 45 | 2D | - | - |
| 46 | 2E | . | . |
| 47 | 2F | / | / |
| 48 | 30 | 0 | 0 |
| 49 | 31 | 1 | 1 |
| 50 | 32 | 2 | 2 |
| 51 | 33 | 3 | 3 |
| 52 | 34 | 4 | 4 |
| 53 | 35 | 5 | 5 |
| 54 | 36 | 6 | 6 |
| 55 | 37 | 7 | 7 |
| 56 | 38 | 8 | 8 |
| 57 | 39 | 9 | 9 |
| 58 | 3A | : | Shift-; |
| 59 | 3B | ; | ; |
| 60 | 3C | < | Shift-, |
| 61 | 3D | = | = |
| 62 | 3E | > | Shift-. |
| 63 | 3F | ? | Shift-/ |
| 64 | 40 | @ | Shift-2 |
| 65 | 41 | A | Shift-a |
| 66 | 42 | B | Shift-b |
| 67 | 43 | C | Shift-c |
| 68 | 44 | D | Shift-d |
| 69 | 45 | E | Shift-e |
| 70 | 46 | F | Shift-f |
| 71 | 47 | G | Shift-g |
| 72 | 48 | H | Shift-h |
| 73 | 49 | I | Shift-i |
| 74 | 4A | J | Shift-j |
| 75 | 4B | K | Shift-k |
| 76 | 4C | L | Shift-l |
| 77 | 4D | M | Shift-m |
| 78 | 4E | N | Shift-n |
| 79 | 4F | O | Shift-o |
| 80 | 50 | P | Shift-p |
| 81 | 51 | Q | Shift-q |
| 82 | 52 | R | Shift-r |
| 83 | 53 | S | Shift-s |
| 84 | 54 | T | Shift-t |
| 85 | 55 | U | Shift-u |
| 86 | 56 | V | Shift-v |
| 87 | 57 | W | Shift-w |
| 88 | 58 | X | Shift-x |
| 89 | 59 | Y | Shift-y |
| 90 | 5A | Z | Shift-z |
| 91 | 5B | [ | [ |
| 92 | 5C | ||
| 93 | 5D | ] | ] |
| 94 | 5E | ^ | Shift-6 |
| 95 | 5F | _ | Shift-hyphen |
| 96 | 60 | ` | ` |
| 97 | 61 | a | a |
| 98 | 62 | b | b |
| 99 | 63 | c | c |
| 100 | 64 | d | d |
| 101 | 65 | e | e |
| 102 | 66 | f | f |
| 103 | 67 | g | g |
| 104 | 68 | h | h |
| 105 | 69 | i | i |
| 106 | 6A | j | j |
| 107 | 6B | k | k |
| 108 | 6C | l | l |
| 109 | 6D | m | m |
| 110 | 6E | n | n |
| 111 | 6F | o | o |
| 112 | 70 | p | p |
| 113 | 71 | q | q |
| 114 | 72 | r | r |
| 115 | 73 | s | s |
| 116 | 74 | t | t |
| 117 | 75 | u | u |
| 118 | 76 | v | v |
| 119 | 77 | w | w |
| 120 | 78 | x | x |
| 121 | 79 | y | y |
| 122 | 7A | z | z |
| 123 | 7B | { | Shift-[ |
| 124 | 7C | Shift- | |
| 125 | 7D | } | Shift-] |
| 126 | 7E | ~ | Shift-` |
| 127 | 7F | delete | Delete |
| 128 | 80 | Ä (A with diaeresis) | Option-u Shift-a |
| 129 | 81 | Å (A with ring) | Option-Shift-a |
| 130 | 82 | Ç (C with cedilla) | Option-Shift-c |
| 131 | 83 | É (E with acute accent) | Option-e Shift-e |
| 132 | 84 | Ñ (N with tilde) | Option-n Shift-n |
| 133 | 85 | Ö (O with diaeresis) | Option-u Shift-o |
| 134 | 86 | Ü (U with diaeresis) | Option-u Shift-u |
| 135 | 87 | á (a with acute accent) | Option-e a |
| 136 | 88 | à (a with grave accent) | Option-` a |
| 137 | 89 | â (a with circumflex) | Option-i a |
| 138 | 8A | ä (a with diaeresis) | Option-u a |
| 139 | 8B | ã (a with tilde) | Option-n a |
| 140 | 8C | å (a with ring) | Option-a |
| 141 | 8D | ç (c with cedilla) | Option-c |
| 142 | 8E | é (e with acute accent) | Option-e e |
| 143 | 8F | è (e with grave accent) | Option-` e |
| 144 | 90 | ê (e with circumflex) | Option-i e |
| 145 | 91 | ë (e with diaeresis) | Option-u e |
| 146 | 92 | í (i with acute accent) | Option-e i |
| 147 | 93 | ì (i with grave accent) | Option-` i |
| 148 | 94 | î (i with circumflex) | Option-i i |
| 149 | 95 | ï (i with diaeresis) | Option-u i |
| 150 | 96 | ñ (n with tilde) | Option-n n |
| 151 | 97 | ó (o with acute accent) | Option-e o |
| 152 | 98 | ò (o with grave accent) | Option-` o |
| 153 | 99 | ô (o with circumflex) | Option-i o |
| 154 | 9A | ö (o with diaeresis) | Option-u o |
| 155 | 9B | õ (o with tilde) | Option-n o |
| 156 | 9C | ú (u with acute accent) | Option-e u |
| 157 | 9D | ù (u with grave accent) | Option-` u |
| 158 | 9E | û (u with circumflex) | Option-i u |
| 159 | 9F | ü (u with diaeresis) | Option-u u |
| 160 | A0 | † (dagger) | Option-t |
| 161 | A1 | ° (degree) | Option-Shift-8 |
| 162 | A2 | ¢ (cent) | Option-4 |
| 163 | A3 | £ (pound sterling) | Option-3 |
| 164 | A4 | § (section) | Option-6 |
| 165 | A5 | • (bullet) | Option-8 |
| 166 | A6 | ¶ (pilcrow [paragraph sign]) | Option-7 |
| 167 | A7 | ß (small sharp s) | Option-s |
| 168 | A8 | ® (registered trademark) | Option-r |
| 169 | A9 | © (copyright) | Option-g |
| 170 | AA | ™ (trademark) | Option-2 |
| 171 | AB | ´ (acute accent) | Option-e |
| 172 | AC | ¨ (diaeresis) (umlaut) | Option-u |
| 173 | AD | not equal to | Option-= |
| 174 | AE | Æ (AE ligature) | Option-Shift-' |
| 175 | AF | Ø (O with slash) | Option-Shift-o |
| 176 | B0 | infinity | Option-5 |
| 177 | B1 | ± (plus or minus) | Option-Shift-= |
| 178 | B2 | less than or equal to | Option-, |
| 179 | B3 | greater than or equal to | Option-. |
| 180 | B4 | ¥ (yen) | Option-y |
| 181 | B5 | µ (micro) | Option-m |
| 182 | B6 | partial differential | Option-d |
| 183 | B7 | summation | Option-w |
| 184 | B8 | product (capital pi) | Option-Shift-p |
| 185 | B9 | small pi | Option-p |
| 186 | BA | integral | Option-b |
| 187 | BB | ª (feminine ordinal) | Option-9 |
| 188 | BC | º (masculine ordinal) | Option-0 |
| 189 | BD | ohm (omega) | Option-z |
| 190 | BE | æ (ae ligature) | Option-' |
| 191 | BF | ø (o with slash) | Option-o |
| 192 | C0 | ¿ (inverted question mark) | Option-Shift-? |
| 193 | C1 | ¡ (inverted exclamation mark) | Option-1 |
| 194 | C2 | ¬ (not) | Option-l |
| 195 | C3 | square root | Option-v |
| 196 | C4 | ƒ (small script f) | Option-f |
| 197 | C5 | almost equal to | Option-x |
| 198 | C6 | increment (delta) | Option-j |
| 199 | C7 | « (left pointing guillemet) | Option- |
| 200 | C8 | » (right pointing guillemet) | Option-Shift- |
| 201 | C9 | … (horizontal ellipsis) | Option-; |
| 202 | CA | (non-breaking space) | Option-Spacebar |
| 203 | CB | À (A with grave accent) | Option-` Shift-a |
| 204 | CC | Ã (A with tilde) | Option-n Shift-a |
| 205 | CD | Õ (O with tilde) | Option-n Shift-o |
| 206 | CE | Π(OE ligature) | Option-Shift-q |
| 207 | CF | œ (oe ligature) | Option-q |
| 208 | D0 | – (endash) | Opt-hyphen |
| 209 | D1 | — (emdash) | Option-Shift-hyphen |
| 210 | D2 | “ (left double quote) | Option-[ |
| 211 | D3 | ” (right double quote) | Option-Shift-[ |
| 212 | D4 | ‘ (left single quote) | Option-] |
| 213 | D5 | ’ (right single quote) | Option-Shift-] |
| 214 | D6 | ÷ (division) | Option-/ |
| 215 | D7 | lozenge | Option-Shift-v |
| 216 | D8 | › (y with diaeresis) | Option-u y |
| 217 | D9 | Ÿ (Y with diaeresis) | Option-u Shift-y |
| 218 | DA | fraction slash | Option-Shift-1 |
| 219 | DB | € (euro) | Option-Shift-2 |
| 220 | DC | Option-Shift-3 | |
| 221 | DD | › (right pointing single guillemet) | Option-Shift-4 |
| 222 | DE | Option-Shift-5 | |
| 223 | DF | þ (small fl ligature [small thorn)] | Option-Shift-6 |
| 224 | E0 | ‡ (double dagger) | Option-Shift-7 |
| 225 | E1 | · (middle dot) | Option-Shift-9 |
| 226 | E2 | ‚ (low single quote) | Option-Shift-0 |
| 227 | E3 | „ (low double quote) | Option-Shift-w |
| 228 | E4 | ‰ (per mille) | Option-Shift-r |
| 229 | E5 | Â (A with circumflex) | |
| 230 | E6 | Ê (E with circumflex) | Option-i Shift-e |
| 231 | E7 | Á (A with acute accent) | Option-Shift-y or Option-e Shift-a |
| 232 | E8 | Ë (E with diaeresis) | Option-u Shift-e |
| 233 | E9 | È (E with grave accent) | Option-` Shift-e |
| 234 | EA | Í (I with acute accent) | |
| 235 | EB | Î (I with circumflex) | Option-Shift-d or Option-i Shift-i |
| 236 | EC | Ï (I with diaeresis) | |
| 237 | ED | Ì (I with grave accent) | Option-` Shift-i |
| 238 | EE | Ó (O with acute accent) | Option-Shift-h or Option-e Shift-o |
| 239 | EF | Ô (O with circumflex) | |
| 240 | F0 | Apple Computer logo | Option-Shift-k |
| 241 | F1 | Ò (O with grave accent) | Option-Shift-l or Option-` Shift-o |
| 242 | F2 | Ú (U with acute accent) | |
| 243 | F3 | Û (U with circumflex) | Option-i Shift-u |
| 244 | F4 | Ù (U with grave accent) | Option-` Shift-u |
| 245 | F5 | i without a dot | Option-Shift-b |
| 246 | F6 | ˆ (circumflex accent) | Option-Shift-i |
| 247 | F7 | ˜ (tilde accent) | Option-Shift-n |
| 248 | F8 | ¯ (macron) | Option-Shift-, |
| 249 | F9 | breve | Option-Shift-. |
| 250 | FA | dot accent | Option-h |
| 251 | FB | ring | Option-k |
| 252 | FC | ¸ (cedilla accent) | Option-Shift-z |
| 253 | FD | double acute accent | Option-Shift-g |
| 254 | FE | ogonek | Option-Shift-x |
| 255 | FF | hacek | Option-Shift-t |